Monday 17 March 2014

Battle of the sexes

 In order to understand what we see I thought it important to talk about what drives each sex to do what they do. It may seem that both sexes are working to a similar goal of reproduction, however the reality  is not so simple. Each sex is playing for their interests. Females want reliable good mates and males just wanting to spread their seed as much as possible.
 The first thing to look at what the energy cost are that a female or a male put into making offspring. Females need to produce eggs; eggs take a lot of energy to produce, and a female may only require one mating to fertilize them all. So for a female to produce the most or the best quality offspring she needs to obtain a lot of resources, as sperm is somewhat easy to come by. It is then said that, females are resource limited.
From a male point of view, the production of sperm is "cheap". Males can produce hundreds of thousands of sperm with very little energy cost. A male can produce far more babies at a faster rate than a female can keep up with. That is, one male can knock up more than one female at a time, but a female can only really have one baby every 9 months (in humans). They main thing the male can't find on a Saturday night is someone to take home. The male is therefore female limited.
                                
These differences in needs, females needing resources, males needing females, produce different dispersion patterns of the sexes in the environment. A female’s distribution is determined by resource availability. Whereas, a male's distribution, who need to find mates, is determined on where females are located. This leads to females being the ones choosing mates and males need to find females, initiate courtship, fight over mates.
Women will go to the bar for lady's night where they get free drinks, a resource. This in turn will bring men in to the bar following where the ladies will be.

1 comment:

  1. A nice human-centric view on sexual selection. What about species that show sex-role reversal? What about for species that show a sex-biased ratio in favour of females – how would females then be a limiting resource to males?

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